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Antivirals - Global Strategic Business Report

Price:
USD $3,950.00
ISBN/SKU #:
GIA-MCP1761
Research Group:
Global Industry Analysts
Date of Publication:
October 2006
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Summary

This report analyzes the worldwide markets for Antivirals in US$ Million. The major product segments analyzed are HIV Antivirals (Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (RTIs) (Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs), and Non-Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTIs)), and Protease Inhibitors (PIs), Hepatitis B & C Antivirals (Hepatitis C Antivirals, and Hepatitis B Antivirals), Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Antivirals, Influenza Antivirals, Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Antivirals, and Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Antivirals. The report provides separate comprehensive analytics for the US, Japan, Europe and Rest of World. Annual forecasts are provided for the period of 2000 through 2010. The report profiles 139 companies including many key and niche players worldwide such as Abbott Laboratories, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Gilead Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline Plc., Hoffmann-La Roche, Merck & Co., Novartis AG, Pfizer Inc., Schering-Plough Corp. Market data and analytics are derived from primary and secondary research. Company profiles are mostly extracted from URL research and reported select online sources.

ANTIVIRALS									MCP-1761
A GLOBAL STRATEGIC BUSINESS REPORT


                                             CONTENTS


  I. INTRODUCTION, METHODOLOGY & PRODUCT DEFINITIONS

      Study Reliability and Reporting Limitations                       I-1
      Disclaimers                                                       I-2
      Data Interpretation & Reporting Level                             I-2
       Quantitative Techniques & Analytics                              I-2
      Product Definitions and Scope of Study                            I-3
       HIV Antivirals                                                   I-3
        NRTIs                                                           I-4
        NNRTIs                                                          I-4
        Protease Inhibitor (PI)                                         I-4
        Other HIV Antivirals                                            I-4
       Hepatitis B & C Antivirals                                       I-4
        Hepatitis B Antivirals                                          I-5
        Hepatitis C Antivirals                                          I-5
       Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Antivirals                            I-5
       Influenza Antivirals                                             I-5
       Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Antivirals                     I-6
       Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Antivirals                           I-6
       Other Antivirals                                                 I-6


 II. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

  1. Market Overview                                                    II-1
      Viruses, a Difficult - to - Treat Class of Parasites              II-1
      United States - The Largest Market for  Antivirals Globally       II-1
      Five Major Antivirals Dominate the Overall  Antivirals Arena      II-2
       Table 1: Worldwide Infectious Disease Drugs Market  by Class:
       2005 Percentage Share Breakdown by Type  for Antivirals,
       Quinolones, Macrolides, Penicillins, Cephalosporins,
       Antifungals, Tetracyclines,  Erythromycins and Other
       Therapies in US$ million  (includes corresponding
       Graph/Chart)                                                     II-2
      Anti-HIV Drugs - The Largest Antivirals Category  Worldwide       II-2
       US - Largest Region, and Japan - Fastest Growing  Region for
        HIV Antivirals                                                  II-3
       Table 2: World HIV Antivirals Market by Geographic Region -
       US, Japan, Europe and Rest of World (excluding Japan) Markets
       Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$
       Million for Years 2006 & 2010 (includes corresponding
       Graph/Chart)                                                     II-3

       Table 3: World HIV Antivirals Market by Geographic Region -
       Percentage Share Breakdown for US, Japan, Europe, and Rest of
       World (excluding Japan) for the  Year 2006 (includes
       corresponding Graph/Chart)                                       II-3
      Leading Players and Drugs                                         II-4
       Top 10 HIV Antiviral Drug Candidates by Global Sales             II-4
       New Drugs in Pipeline to Boost up the HIV  Antivirals Sales      II-4
       Hepatitis Antivirals - A Significant Market                      II-4
       US Dominates the Hepatitis B & C Antivirals Market               II-5
       Table 4: World Hepatitis B & C Antivirals Market by
       Geographic Region - US, Japan, Europe and Rest of World
       (excluding Japan) with Annual Sales Figures in US$  Million
       for Years 2006 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)       II-5
        Hepatitis C Antivirals - The Fastest Growing  Antivirals
         Segment                                                        II-5
       U S Dominates the Hepatitis C Antivirals Market                  II-6
       Table 5: World Hepatitis C Antivirals Market by Geographic
       Region - US, Japan, Europe and Rest of World (excluding
       Japan) with Annual Sales Figures in US$  Million for Years
       2006 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)                 II-6
      The US Dominates the Hepatitis B Antivirals Market                II-6
       Table 6: World Hepatitis B Antivirals Market by Geographic
       Region - US, Japan, Europe and Rest of World (excluding
       Japan) with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years
       2006 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)                 II-7
       Growing Patient Population to Drive up Hepatitis B Drugs Market  II-7
      Influenza Anti-Virals                                             II-7
       Rising Threat of Avian Flu to Drive up the Market  for
        Antivirals                                                      II-7
      Herpes and Respiratory Antivirals                                 II-8
       HSV/VZV Drugs Dominate the Herpes and Respiratory  Antivirals
        Market                                                          II-8
        Launch of New Drugs to Drive up the Market for  Respiratory
         Antivirals                                                     II-8

  2.  Competitive Landscape                                             II-9
      Players Active in the HIV Antivirals Market                       II-10
       Table 7: Leading Drug Brands for HIV Infection in the  World:
       2005 Sales (in $ million) for Combivir, Kaletra, Viread,
       Reyataz, Sustiva, Trizivir, Epivir, and Epzicom/ Kivexa
       (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)                             II-10
       Major HIV Antivirals Brands Available in the Market              II-10
        Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs)  Brands -   II-10
         Epivir (Lamivudine)                                            II-10
         Retrovir (Zidovudine)                                          II-10
         Combivir (Epivir+Retrovir)                                     II-11
         Videx (Didanosine)                                             II-11
         Zerit (Stavudine)                                              II-11
         Hivid (Zalcitabine)                                            II-11
        Protease Inhibitors (PIs) -                                     II-11
         Norvir (Ritonavir)                                             II-11
         Kaletra (Lopinavir+Ritonavir)                                  II-11
         Agenerase (Amprenavir)                                         II-11
         (VX-175) Fosamprenavir                                         II-12
         VX-385                                                         II-12
        Fusion Inhibitors -                                             II-12
         Fuzeon (Enfuvirtide)                                           II-12
      Players Active in the Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)  Drugs Market       II-12
       Hepsera Leads the Oral Hepatitis B Antivirals Market             II-12
       Table 8: Leading Drug Brands for Oral Hepatitis B Antivirals:
       2006 Percentage Share Breakdown for  Hepsera, Epivir HBV and
       Baraclude  (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)                  II-12

       Table 9: Leading Antivirals Brands for Hepatitis B Infection
       in the World: 2005 Sales (in $million) for *Engerix-B,
       Havrix, and Twinrix; **Infanrix and Pediarix, and  Epivir
       (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)                             II-13
      Players in the Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Drugs Market               II-13
       Table 10: Leading Drug Brands for Oral Hepatitis B Antivirals
       in the World: 2005 Sales (in $million) for  Pegasys and
       PEG-Intron                                                       II-13

       Table 11: Leading Players in the Pegylated Interferons
       Market in the World: 2006 Percentage Share Breakdown by
       Player for Hoffmann-La Roche, Schering-Plough and  Others
       (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)                             II-14

       Table 12: Leading Therapies for Hepatitis C Infection in the
       World: 2006, 2010E and 2015E Percentage Share Breakdown for
       Ribavirin, Interferons, Protease Inhibitors, and Nucleoside
       Analogs (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)                     II-14
      Players in the Herpes and Respiratory Antiviral Market            II-15
       Table 13: Leading Brands of the Respiratory Antivirals Market
       in the World: 2005 Sales (in $million) for Tamiflu; Synagis;
       Infanrix and Pediarix (includes  corresponding Graph/Chart)      II-15
      Players in the Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)  Therapies Market       II-15
       Table 14: Leading Drug Brands for Oral Herpes  Antivirals in
       the World: 2004 Sales (in $million)  for Valtrex and Zovirax     II-16
       Major HSV Infection Drugs Available                              II-16
        Zovirax (Aciclovir)                                             II-16
        Famvir (Famciclovir)                                            II-16
        Foscavir (Foscarnet)                                            II-16
        Valtrex (Valaciclovir)                                          II-16
        Vectavir/Denavir (Penciclovir)                                  II-17
        Abreva (Docosanol)                                              II-17
      Players in the Influenza Market                                   II-17
       Major Influenza Drugs Available                                  II-17
        Symmetrel (Amantadine)                                         II-17
        Flumadine (Rimantadine)                                         II-17
        Tamiflu (Oseltamivir)                                           II-17
        Relenza (Zanamivir)                                             II-18
      Players in the Antivirals (Non-HIV) Market                        II-18
       Table 15: Global Leading Players in the Antivirals  (Non-HIV)
       Market: 2005 Percentage Share Breakdown for GlaxoSmithKline
       (GSK), Novartis, Roche, Schering-Plough and Others (includes
       corresponding Graph/Chart)                                       II-18
      Players Active in the Antiviral Vaccines Market                   II-18
       Table 16: Leading Antiviral Vaccines Sales  (in US$ million)
       in US/Europe in 2003  (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)       II-19

       Table 17: Leading Players in the US & **5EU Vaccines Markets:
       2005 Percentage Share Breakdown by Player  for
       GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Sanofi-Aventis, Merck,  *Novartis
       (Chiron) and Others (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)         II-19
      Product Pipeline Development of Hepatitis C Drugs  as of 2006     II-20

  3. Market Trends & Issues                                             II-21
      Increased Investment in R&D to Fuel Growth                        II-21
      Preventative Antivirals Gains Significance                        II-21
      New Drug Types Fuels Up the HIV Drugs Sector                      II-21
      Development of Direct Targeted Antiviral Therapies                II-22
      Advent of Novel Anti-Viral Peptides                               II-22
      siRNA Shows Potential to Function as Antiviral Agent              II-23
      Reduction of HIV/AIDS Therapy Costs Boost  Market Growth          II-23
      Combination Drug Therapy Gains Popularity in the  Anti-HIV
       Drugs Market                                                     II-23
      Empowering Women to Fight Against Spread of  HIV Infection        II-23
      Prices to Go Up for Novel Antivirals                              II-24
      Competition Scales up for Nucleoside/Nucleotide  Analogs Class
       of Hepatitis Antivirals                                          II-24
      Emergence of Oligonucleotide (ODN) Agents in  HIV Drugs Market    II-24
      PMBs to Invade the Antivirals Market                              II-24
      Acute Shortage Witnessed for the Influenza Vaccine  for the
       2004-05 Season                                                   II-24
      New Therapies for Treatment Naïve Hepatitis Patients              II-25
      Adult and Travel Vaccines to Drive Up the Market  for
       Antiviral Vaccines                                               II-25
      Researches to Develop Antivirals for Other Miscellaneous
       Viral Diseases on Full Swing                                     II-25
      Growth to Slow Down Considerably for Herpes  Antiviral Market     II-25
      STDs, a Major Concern the World Over                              II-25
      Microbiocides, a New Way to Fight STD and  HIV Infections         II-26
      Spread of HIV Infection Poses a Global Health Risk                II-26

  4. An Overview of Major Viral Epidemics &  Pandemics in the World     II-28
      HIV/AIDS Pandemics                                                II-28
       HIV/AIDS Cases for 2005 in the World                             II-28
        Highlights of AIDS Epidemic                                     II-28
       Table 18: Global HIV/AIDS Statistics in 2005  (in Million)
       (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)                             II-29
       Table 19: Regional Statistics for HIV/AIDS Cases in 2005 (in
        Million) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)                   II-30
       Table 20: Deaths Due to AIDS Worldwide: Breakdown by Region-
        2004 (in Million) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)          II-30
       Table 21: HIV/AIDS Cases in Adults and Children Worldwide:
        Breakdown by Region-End 2004                                    II-31
       Table 22: Countries With the Highest Number of People Living
        with HIV: 2003 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)             II-31
      Various Organizations Actively Supports HIV/AIDS  Awareness
       and Preventive Measures Programs                                 II-32
       Table 23: Regional Distribution of Requirement of Funding for
       Prevention of AIDS: Percentage Share Breakdown for Africa,
       East Asia-Pacific, South & South East Asia, Eastern Europe,
       Latin America & Caribbean Region, and North Africa & Middle
       East in 2006 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)                II-32

       Table 24: Regional Distribution of Requirement of Funding for
       Treatment and Care of AIDS: Percentage Share Breakdown for
       Africa, Latin America & Caribbean Region, East Asia-Pacific,
       Eastern Europe, South & South East Asia, and North Africa &
       Middle East in 2006 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)         II-32
      Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infection Epidemic                        II-32
      Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection Epidemic                        II-33
       Table 25: Diagnosis of Hepatitis C Infection in the World:
       2005 Percentage Share Breakdown by Transmission  Category for
       Injecting Drug Use (IDU), Sexual Contact, Contaminated Blood
       Transfusion and Others  (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)     II-33
      Influenza - Major Outbreaks                                       II-34

  5. Anti-Virals : Product Overview                                     II-35
      What are Viruses?                                                 II-35
      RNA & DNA Viruses                                                 II-35
      Emergence of Antivirals                                           II-35
      Functions of Antivirals                                           II-36
      Design Strategies for Antivirals Drugs                            II-36
       Vaccines, the Antivirals for Initial Stage of  Viral Infection   II-36
       Antivirals for Other Stages of Viral Life Cycle                  II-36
      Entry Blockers                                                    II-36
      Viral Component Replication Blockers                              II-37
      Viral Component Assimilation Blockers                             II-37
       Antisense Molecules                                              II-37
       Synthetic Ribozymes                                              II-37
       Protease Inhibitors                                              II-38
      Blockers for Release of Completed Viruses from  the Host Cell     II-38
       Other Types of Antivirals                                        II-38
        Interferons                                                     II-38
        Synthetic Monoclonal Antibodies                                 II-38
      Factors Governing Developments in  Antiviral Technology           II-38

  6.  Major Viral Infections and Treatment Worldwide                    II-39
      Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)                                II-39
       Transmission of HIV Infection                                    II-39
      Infection Process - Targets for HIV Therapy                       II-40
       Symptoms of the Infection                                        II-40
       Most Vulnerable Demographics for HIV Infection                   II-41
       Preventive Methods for Controlling HIV Infection                 II-42
       Methods for the Measurement of Viral Load in Patients            II-42
       Methods for Determining Drug Resistance in  HIV Positive
        Patients                                                        II-42
       Major HIV/AIDS Testing Methods Available                         II-43
        Diagnostic Tests                                                II-43
         I. Antibody Tests                                              II-43
          A. HIV-1 Screening Tests                                      II-43
           a. Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assays/ Enzyme
            Immunoassays (ELISA/EIA)                                    II-43
           b. Home AccessHIV-1 test system/Dried  Blood Spot            II-44
           c. Rapid Tests...                                            II-44
          B. HIV-1 Antibody Confirmatory Tests                          II-44
           a. The Western Blot Test                                     II-44
           b. Indirect Immunofluorescent Antibody  Assay (IFA)          II-44
           c. Line Immunoassay                                          II-45
           d. Radioimmunoprecipitation Assay (RIPA)                     II-45
          C. HIV-2 Diagnostic Tests and HIV Group "O                    II-45
       Major Trends in the HIV/AIDS Testing Market                      II-45
        Rapid Testing- Displays High Potential                          II-45
         FDA Approved Rapid HIV Tests in US                             II-46
        Molecular Diagnostics Register Strong Growth in  Blood
         Screening Markets                                              II-46
        Ultra-Rapid HIV-screening tests- A Strong Fight  against
         HIV-Epidemic                                                   II-46
        Emergency Room Testing to Help HIV Diagnosis                    II-46
       Treatments Available for HIV/AIDS Infections                     II-46
        Major HIV/AIDS Drug Categories Available                        II-47
         NRTIs                                                          II-47
         NNRTIs                                                         II-47
          GW695634                                                      II-47
         Protease Inhibitor (PI)                                        II-48
          (VX-175) Fosamprenavir                                        II-48
          VX-385                                                        II-48
         Integrase Inhibitors (IIs)                                     II-48
          S-1360                                                        II-48
         Entry Blockers                                                 II-48
          Fusion Inhibitors                                             II-49
          Fuzeon (Enfuvirtide)                                          II-49
         Antiviral siRNAs                                               II-49
         New Products in Pipeline                                       II-49
          HIV Vaccines                                                  II-49
      Hepatitis Infection                                               II-50
       Acute Hepatitis Infection                                        II-50
       Chronic Hepatitis Infection                                      II-50
       Treatment Regimens for Hepatitis Infection                       II-50
        Interferons                                                     II-50
         Standard Interferons                                           II-51
         Pegylated Interferons                                          II-51
          Pegasys                                                       II-51
          N & PEG-Intron Redipen                                        II-51
          Pegasys Pack                                                  II-51
          N & Pegatron                                                  II-51
        Ribavirin                                                       II-51
       Types of Hepatitis Infection based on Strains                    II-52
        Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) Infection                               II-52
         Hipatitis B Virus                                              II-52
        Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infection                               II-52
         Treatments Available for Chronic HBV Infection                 II-52
          Vaccines Dominates the Category                               II-52
          Antiviral Drugs Available                                     II-53
        Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection                               II-53
         Treatments Available for Chronic  Hepatitis C Infection        II-53
          Products in Pipeline                                          II-54
          Some Alternative Treatments                                   II-54
        Hepatitis D Virus (HDV) Infection                               II-54
        Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) Infection                               II-55
      Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Infection                              II-55
       HSV-1 Infection                                                  II-55
       HSV-2 Infection                                                  II-56
       Neonatal Herpes Simplex Infection                                II-56
       Treatments Available for HSV Infection                           II-56
       Table Containing Major HSV Drugs along with  their Patent
        Expiry Dates                                                    II-56
       HSV Antivirals Available in the Market                           II-57
        Treatments for Opthalmic Viral Infections                       II-57
         Cytovene (Ganciclovir)                                         II-57
         Vistide (Cidofovir)                                            II-57
         Foscavir (Foscarnet)                                           II-57
         Vaccines Against HSV Infection                                 II-58
      Respiratory Viruses Infections                                    II-58
       Influenza Virus                                                  II-58
        Influenza A Virus                                               II-59
        Avian Flu                                                       II-59
        Influenza - Brief History                                       II-59
        Transmission of Influenza Infection                             II-59
        Treatments for Respiratory Viruses                              II-59
        Influenza Vaccines                                              II-60
       Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Infection                      II-60
       Other Respiratory Viruses                                        II-61
        Treatments for RSV and other Respiratory  Viral Infections      II-61
      Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)                                       II-61
       Treatments Available for HPV Infection                           II-61
      Other Types of Viral Diseases                                     II-62
       Treatment Options Available for Other Types of  Viral Diseases   II-62
      Overview of Antiviral Vaccines                                    II-62

  7. International Organizations Supporting Preventative  and
      Treatment Programs for Viral Infections                           II-64
      UNHCR                                                             II-64
      UNICEF                                                            II-64
      WFP                                                               II-64
      UNDP                                                              II-64
      UNPF                                                              II-65
      UNODC                                                             II-65
      ILO                                                               II-65
      UNESCO                                                            II-65
      WHO                                                               II-65
      World Bank                                                        II-66
      National AIDS Trust                                               II-66

  8. Product Developments and Launches                                  II-67
      Bristol-Myers Unveils Baraclude in India                          II-67
      Chinese and US Researchers Together Develop Purified
       Antiviral Compounds                                              II-67
      Celldex to Develop a Fusion Protein CDX 2401                      II-67
      PDSC Launches a Germicidal Disinfectant, Medic Kleen              II-67
      REPLICor to Develop Antiviral Drugs                               II-67
      Valeant Pharmaceuticals to Develop Viramidine(R)                  II-68
      Biota Discovers a New Group of Antiviral Drugs  against RSV       II-68
      Serum Launches Q-Vac, a Combination Vaccine                       II-68
      Chongqing Jiachen to Produce Hepatitis B Vaccine                  II-68
      IIL Decides to Roll Out Five Vaccines in Indian Market            II-68
      Shanta Biotechnics to Foray into US Markets with  AlphaFeto
       and Shanvac B                                                    II-69
      GSK Launches Hepsera for Chronic Hepatitis B                      II-69
      Viral Therapeutics Takes Over Development Rights to
       Recombinant Human Protein                                        II-69
      Biota Inc Introduces New AZT Nucleotide Mimic Drug  for HIV/AIDS  II-69
      SciGen Ltd Introduces Sci-B-Vac Vaccine for Hepatitis B  in
       Hong Kong                                                        II-69
      Aurobindo Pharma Ltd Launches Indivex and Stavex  Anti-HIV Drugs  II-70
      Trimeris and Roche Collaboratively Develops  Two Fusion
       Inhibitors                                                       II-70

  9. Recent Industry Activity                                           II-71
      Adventrx Takes Over SD Pharmaceuticals                            II-71
      Nutra Pharma to Acquire ReceptoPharm                              II-71
      Dynavax Acquires German Rhein Biotech                             II-71
      Barrier Acquires Rights to Market Denavir from Norvartis          II-71
      Chimerix Acquires Leroy Townsend Library of  Lead Drug Candidates II-71
      Sareum Collaborates with Idenix to Develop Antivirals             II-72
      CSIRO Collaborates with Bath University to Create  an Oral
       Antiviral Agent                                                  II-72
      GlaxoSmithKline and Shionogi to Co-Develop HIV Drugs              II-72
      Inovio Biomedical Corporation Enters into an Agreement  with
       Tripep AB                                                        II-72
      Roche Partners with Trimeris to Develop HIV Fusion  Inhibitor
       Drugs                                                            II-73
      Pfizer and Monogram Execute a Non-Exclusive  Collaboration        II-73
      Novartis Enters into an Agreement with Human  Genome Sciences     II-73
      Medivir Inks Licensing Deal with Tibotec for HBV  and HIV Drugs   II-73
      Boehringer to Enhance its Canadian Antiviral  Research Center     II-74
      GSK Receives Pediatric Extension of Hevrix Vaccine  in the US     II-74
      GSK Completes Phase II Clinical Trial on Promacta                 II-74
      Schering-Plough Undertakes Clinical Trials on  Some Hepatitis
       Products                                                         II-74
      Gilead Sciences and Merck Conducts Clinical Trials  (Phase I /
       II) on HIV Integrase Inhibitor                                   II-74
      Vertex to Start Phase IIb Trials for VX-950                       II-74
      Schering-Plough Starts Phase II Trials for SCH 503034             II-75
      Panacos Pharmaceuticals Initiates Phase 2b Studies  on Bevirimat  II-75
      Immune Response Corporation Initiates IR103  Phase II Trial       II-75
      Health Enhancement Products Inc to Conduct  ProAlgaZyme
       Clinical Trial                                                   II-75
      Novartis Secures FDA Approval for Famvir                          II-75
      Novelos Therapeutics, Inc Gains FDA Acceptance  of INDA for
       NOV-205                                                          II-76
      Gilead Sciences and Bristol-Myers-Squibb Obtains  FDA License
       for Atripla                                                      II-76
      Tibotec Obtains FDA Approval for Darunavir                        II-76
      Amazon Receives Consent for Phase I/II Trials  for AMZ0026        II-76
      MedImmune Applies for Supplemental License  for CAIV-T            II-77
      FermaVir Pharmaceuticals Obtains FDA Approval  for Further
       Studies on Antiviral Drug Candidate                              II-77
      Abbott Obtains FDA Assent for ABBOTT PRISM  and PRISM Blood
       Screening                                                        II-77
      Abbott Receives Authorization from European  Commission to
       Market Kaletra                                                  II-77
      Schering-Plough Receives Marketing Approval for  PEG-INTRON
       and REBETOL Drugs                                               II-77
      Idenix and Novartis Submit Drug Application  to European
       Regulators for Telbivudine                                       II-78
      Merck Obtains FDA Approval for Marketing  GARDASIL Vaccine       II-78
      Merck's GARDASIL Vaccine Gets CHMP's  Positive Opinion            II-78
      Boehringer Ingelheim Demonstrates the Clinical  Trial Results
       of Aptivus Capsules                                             II-78
      GlaxoSmithKline Demonstrates Results for H5N1  Pandemic Flu
       Vaccine Clinical Trials                                          II-79
      GlaxoSmithKline Minimizes Prices of HIV Drugs  in Poor Countries  II-79
      Donations Rises for AIDS Orphanage in South Africa                II-79
      FDA to Ban the Usage of Human Antiviral Drugs  for Influenza
       Treatment in Poultry                                             II-79
      Third Wave Withdraws Lawsuit against Digene  Relating to
       Patent on HPV Drug                                               II-80
      Roche Files Suit against Ranbaxy to Restrain Launch  of
       Antiviral Generic Drug                                           II-80
      Dainippon Pharmaceutical to Merge with Sumitomo  Pharmaceuticals  II-80
      Abbott and OraSure Enter into Agreement                           II-80
      Hemispherx Biopharma Signs a Research Agreement  with Defence
       R&D Canada                                                       II-80
      LUPIN and Cornerstone Sign Licensing Agreement  to Develop
       Anti-Infective Product                                           II-81
      Trimeris Inc Enters into Collaborative Agreement  with
       ChemBridge Research Laboratories                                 II-81
      Corixa Corporation Collaborates with Lorantis                     II-81
      Takeda Enters into HPV Collaborative Agreement with 3M            II-81
      MedImmune Inks Collaborative Licensing Agreement  with Biota      II-82
      Pharmasset Enters into License Agreement with  Bukwang Pharm      II-82
      Chiron and Enanta Pharmaceuticals Enter into HCV PI
       Development Agreement                                            II-82
      Gilead Sciences Enters into JTK-303 License Agreement  with
       Japan Tobacco                                                    II-82
      Alnylam and Isis Enter into Licensing Deal with  Stanford
       University                                                       II-83
      Gen-Probe and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Enter into  an Agreement       II-83
      SciGen Limited Enters into Hepatitis B Vaccine  Distribution
       Agreement with Berna Biotech AG                                  II-83
      GSK Receives Supply Order for Relenza from  Governments of
       Three Countries                                                  II-84
      Bristol-Myers to Establish Production Facility in China           II-84
      Koronis Initiates Phase 1b Trial for KP-1461 Antiviral            II-84
      Gilead Initiates Phase III Clinical Trials for Tenofovir          II-84
      Vaccine Research Center Initiates Phase II Trials on  Adenovector II-84
      Aethlon Medical Instigates Clinical Trials of HCV                 II-85
      Hemispherx Biopharma Initiates Alferon LDO  Clinical Trials       II-85
      Bristol-Myers and Merck Provide IPM with License  to Develop
       HIV Vaccines                                                     II-85
      Hi-Tech's Acyclovir Oral Suspension Secures  FDA Approval         II-85
      Bristol-Myers Squibb Gains FDA Approval for the  company's
       Entecavir                                                        II-85
      Corixa's Fendrix Vaccine Receives European Approval              II-86
      Calypte Biomedical's HIV-1 Urine EIA Screening  Test Receives
       FDA Approval                                                     II-86
      Gilead Sciences's Truvada Receives Marketing  Authorization      II-86
      Abbott Receives FDA Approval to Formulate Kaletra  in Tablet Form II-86
      Boehringer Ingelheim Receives EU Approval to  Market Aptivus      II-86
      Boehringer Ingelheim Secures FDA Approval to  Market Aptivus      II-87
      SciClone Releases Poster Presentation of Zadaxin  Triple Therapy II-87
      GlaxoSmithKline Discloses Clinical Findings  for Brecanavir       II-87
      Abbott and Celera Secure CE Mark Certification  for PCR Test      II-87
      Gilead Sciences Cuts Prices for Truvada and Viread  for
       Developing Nations                                               II-87
      Gilead Sued Roche for not Properly Marketing Tamiflu  and
       Receives Damage Payment                                          II-88
      MGI PHARMA to Purchase Zycos                                      II-88
      Benitec Ltd Acquires Avocel Inc                                   II-88
      ID Biomedical Takes Over Vaccine Business of Shire                II-88
      SGX Forms Alliance with Roche to Develop  New Antivirals          II-89
      Epimmune and Innogenetics Extend Collaboration  Agreement         II-89
      Nucleonics and Novosom Collaborate to Develop  New Antivirals     II-89
      Gilead Sciences and Achillion Pharmaceuticals  Sign Licensing
       Agreement                                                        II-89
      ZymoGenetics Licenses Drug Development Rights  to Novo Nordisk    II-90
      Cubist and XTL Sign Development Agreement                         II-90
      Sunesis and Merck Signs Research Agreement                        II-90
      CytoGenix Files Pre-IND Brief with the FDA                        II-90
      ViroPharma Signs Licensing Agreement with  Schering-Plough        II-91
      Hemispherx Inks Agreement with GMC for Development  and
       Commercialization of HIV Antivirals                              II-91
      DNA-C and NYVAC Combination AIDS Vaccine  To Enter Clinical
       Trial Stage                                                      II-91
      GlaxoSmithKline Plc Reduces Anti-AIDS Treatment  Prices in
       Poor Countries                                                   II-91
      Gilead Acquires Triangle Pharmaceuticals                          II-92
      Micrologix Acquires Antivirals Portfolio of Origenix              II-92
      Roche Acquires HPV Patent Portfolio from  Pasteur Institute       II-92
      Johnson & Johnson Enters into an Agreement to  Acquire
       Tibotec-Virco NV                                                 II-92
      USL Signs Licensing Agreement with Novactyl                       II-92
      Micrologix Biotech and Hybridon Signs Collaborative  Licensing
       Agreement                                                        II-93
      Novartis Acquires a Portfolio of Antivirals from  SmithKline
       Beecham                                                          II-93
      Biota Inc's Bird Flu Drug Relenza Receives  FDA Approval          II-93

  10. Focus on Select Key Players                                       II-94
      Abbott Laboratories (USA)                                         II-94
      Boehringer Ingelheim (Germany)                                    II-94
      Bristol-Myers Squibb (USA)                                        II-94
      Gilead Sciences (USA)                                             II-95
      GlaxoSmithKline Plc. (UK)                                         II-95
      Hoffmann-La Roche (Switzerland)                                   II-96
      Merck & Co. (USA)                                                 II-97
      Novartis AG (Switzerland)                                         II-97
      Pfizer Inc. (USA)                                                 II-98
      Schering-Plough Corp. (USA)                                       II-98

  11. Global Market Perspective                                         II-99
      Table 26: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
      Antivirals by Geographic Region - US, Japan, Europe and Rest
      of World (excluding Japan) Markets Independently Analyzed with
      Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2000 through
      2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)                         II-99

      Table 27: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
      Antivirals by Product Segment - HIV Antivirals (RTIs {NRTIs
      and NNTRIs}, PIs and Other HIV Antivirals), Hepatitis B & C
      Antivirals (Hepatitis C Antivirals and Hepatitis B
      Antivirals), HSV Antivirals, Influenza Antivirals, RSV
      Antivirals, HPV Antivirals, and Other Antivirals Independently
      Analyzed by Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2000
      through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)                 II-100

      Table 28: World 10-Year Perspective for Antivirals by
      Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar  Sales for
      US, Japan, Europe and Rest of World (excluding Japan) for
      Years 2000, 2006 & 2010 (includes  corresponding Graph/Chart)     II-101

      Table 29: World 10-Year Perspective for Antivirals by  Product
      Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales  for HIV
      Antivirals (RTIs {NRTIs and NNTRIs}, PIs and Other HIV
      Antivirals), Hepatitis B & C Antivirals (Hepatitis C
      Antivirals and Hepatitis B Antivirals), HSV Antivirals,
      Influenza Antivirals, RSV Antivirals, HPV Antivirals, and
      Other Antivirals for Years 2000, 2006 & 2010  (includes
      corresponding Graph/Chart)                                        II-102

      Table 30: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for HIV
      Antivirals by Geographic Region - US, Japan, Europe and Rest
      of World (excluding Japan) Markets Independently Analyzed with
      Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2000 through
      2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)                         II-103

      Table 31: World 10-Year Perspective for HIV Antivirals by
      Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales  for
      US, Japan, Europe and Rest of World (excluding Japan) Markets
      for Years 2000, 2006 & 2010 (includes  corresponding
      Graph/Chart)                                                      II-103

      Table 32: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis  for
      Hepatitis B & C Antivirals by Geographic Region -  US, Japan,
      Europe and Rest of World (excluding Japan)  Markets
      Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures  in US$
      Million for Years 2000 through 2010  (includes corresponding
      Graph/Chart)                                                      II-104

      Table 33: World 10-Year Perspective for Hepatitis B & C
      Antivirals by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown  of
      Dollar Sales for US, Japan, Europe and Rest of World
      (excluding Japan) Markets for Years 2000, 2006 & 2010
      (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)                              II-104

      Table 34: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
      Hepatitis C Antivirals by Geographic Region - US, Japan,
      Europe and Rest of World (excluding Japan) Markets
      Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in  US$
      Million for Years 2000 through 2010 (includes corresponding
      Graph/Chart)                                                      II-105

      Table 35: World 10-Year Perspective for Hepatitis C
      Antivirals by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown  of
      Dollar Sales for US, Japan, Europe and Rest of World
      (excluding Japan) Markets for Years 2000, 2006 & 2010
      (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)                              II-105

      Table 36: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
      Hepatitis B Antivirals by Geographic Region - US, Japan,
      Europe and Rest of World (excluding Japan) Markets
      Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$
      Million for Years 2000 through 2010 (includes  corresponding
      Graph/Chart)                                                      II-106

      Table 37: World 10-Year Perspective for Hepatitis B
      Antivirals by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown  of
      Dollar Sales for US, Japan, Europe and Rest of World
      (excluding Japan) Markets for Years 2000, 2006 & 2010
      (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)                              II-106


III. MARKET

  1. The United States                                                  III-1
      A.Market Analysis                                                 III-1
        Infectious Disease Drugs Market in the US                       III-1
         Table 38: Infectious Disease Drugs Market by Class  in the
         US: 2005 Percentage Share Breakdown by  Type for
         Quinolones, Penicillins, Macrolides,  Antifungals,
         Cephalosporins, Antivirals, Tetracyclines,  Erythromycins
         and Other Therapies in US$ million (includes corresponding
         Graph/Chart)                                                   III-1
        Antivirals Market Perspective in the US                         III-1
         HIV Antivirals Dominate the Antiviral Therapies  Market in
          the US, followed by the Hepatitis  B & C Antivirals Class     III-1
         Table 39: Antivirals Market by Type in the US: 2006
         Percentage Share Breakdown for HIVAntivirals, Hepatitis B &
         C Antivirals, and Other Antivirals (includes corresponding
         Graph/Chart)                                                   III-2
        Combivir Dominates the Reverse Transcriptase  Inhibitors
         Market in the US                                               III-2
         Table 40: Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Market by Brand
         Type in the US: 2005 Percentage Share Breakdown for
         Combivir, Zerit, Epivir, Sustiva, Viramune, Ziagen, Videx,
         Retrovir and *Others (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)      III-2

         Table 41: Leading Players in the HIV Reverse Transcriptase
         Inhibitors (RTIs) Market in the US: 2005 Percentage Share
         Breakdown for Glaxo SmithKline, Bristol-Myers Squibb and
         *Others (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)                   III-3
        Viracept Dominates the Protease Inhibitors  Market in the US    III-3
         Table 42: Protease Inhibitors Market by Brand Type in the
         US: 2005 Percentage Share Breakdown for Viracept, Crixivan,
         Norvir, Fortovase, Agenerase and Invirase (includes
         corresponding Graph/Chart)                                     III-3

         Table 43: Leading Players in the HIV Protease  Inhibitors
         (PIs) Market in the US: 2005 Percentage  Share Breakdown
         for Abbott Laboratories, Pfizer and  *Others (includes
         corresponding Graph/Chart)                                     III-3
        Hepatitis B Infection Prevalence in the US                      III-3
         Hepsera Dominates the Oral Hepatitis B  Antivirals Market      III-4
         Table 44: Leading Brands in the Oral Hepatitis B Antivirals
         Market in the US: 2006 Percentage Share Breakdown for
         Hepsera, Epivir HBV and Baraclude (includes corresponding
         Graph/Chart)                                                   III-4
         New Emerging Therapies for HBV Infection  in the US            III-4
        Emerging Hepatitis B Infection Antivirals in  Phase II
         Clinical Trials in the US                                      III-5
        Emerging Hepatitis B Infection Antivirals in Phase I
         Clinical Trials in the US                                      III-5
        Hepatitis C Antivirals Market in the US                         III-5
         Table 45: Leading Players in the Hepatitis C Antivirals
         Market in the US: 2005 Percentage Share Breakdown  for
         Schering Plough and *Others                                    III-6

         Table 46: Leading Brands in the Interferon Hepatitis C
         Antivirals Market in the US: 2006 Percentage Share
         Breakdown for Pegasys, PEG Intron, Copegus and Rebetol
         (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)                           III-6
         HSV Antivirals in the US                                       III-6
         Table 47: Leading Players in the HSV Antivirals  Market in
         the US: 2005 Percentage Share Breakdown for Glaxo
         SmithKline, Generics and *Others  (includes corresponding
         Graph/Chart)                                                   III-6
        Influenza Antivirals Market in the US                           III-7
         Emerging Influenza Antivirals in the Clinical  Development
          Stage in the US                                               III-7
         TIV Dominates the US Influenza Vaccines Market                 III-7
         Table 48: Influenza Vaccines Market in the US: 2006
         Percentage Share Breakdown by Vaccine Type for Treated
         (Killed) Influenza Vaccine (TIV) and Live Attenuated
         Influenza Vaccine (LAIV)                                       III-7
         Fluzone Rules the Roost in the Influenza Vaccines  Market      III-7
         Table 49: Influenza Vaccines Market in the US: 2006
         Percentage Share Breakdown by Vaccine Brand for Fluzone,
         Fluvirin, Fluarix and FluMist (includes corresponding
         Graph/Chart)                                                   III-8

         Table 50: Leading Players in the Influenza Antivirals
         Market in the US: 2005 Percentage Share Breakdown for Roche
         and *Others                                                    III-8
        HIV/AIDS Prevalence in the US                                   III-8
         Homosexual Males Emerges as a Significant  Risk Group for
          HIV Infections in the US                                      III-9
         Table 51: Diagnosis of HIV/AIDS among Adult and Adolescent
         Males in the US: 2005 Percentage Share Breakdown by
         Transmission Category for Homosexual Contact, Heterosexual
         Contact, Injecting Drug User (IDU), Homosexual Contact &
         IDU and Others (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)            III-9

         Table 52: Ethnic Group Distribution of HIV/AIDS Cases Among
         Men with Homosexual Contacts in the US: 2005 Percentage
         Share Breakdown for Whites, African Americans, Latin
         Americans, Asian/Pacific Islander and American
         Indian/Alaska Native  (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)     III-10
         Women, a High Risk Group for HIV/AIDS in the US                III-10
         Table 53: AIDS Cases Reported in the US Among  Females 13
         and Older: 2005 Percentage Share Breakdown by Ethnic
         Community for African  American Women, Latin American
         Women, White  Women and Others (includes corresponding
         Graph/Chart)                                                   III-10

         Table 54: Diagnosis of HIV/AIDS among Adult and Adolescent
         Females in the US: 2005 Percentage Share Breakdown by
         Transmission Category for Heterosexual Contact, Injecting
         Drug User (IDU) and Others  (includes corresponding
         Graph/Chart)                                                   III-10
         African Americans, the Leading High Risk Ethnic  Group for
          HIV Infection in the US                                       III-11
         Table 55: Individuals Living with AIDS in the US: 2005
         Percentage Share Breakdown by Ethnic Community for African
         Americans, Whites, Latin Americans and Others (includes
         corresponding Graph/Chart)                                     III-11
         Latinos, the Second Major Ethnic Risk Group for  HIV
          Infection in the US                                           III-11
         Zidovudine (ZDV) Emerges as a Major Drug to Prevent
          Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Infection                 III-11
         An Overview of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)  in the US III-11
        Regulatory Environment for HIV/AIDS in the US                   III-12
        Product Launches                                                III-12
        Strategic Corporate Developments                                III-14
        Focus on Key Players                                            III-27
         3M                                                             III-27
         Abbott Laboratories                                            III-27
         Amazon Biotech                                                 III-28
         Bristol-Myers Squibb                                           III-28
         FermaVir Pharmaceuticals                                       III-29
         Gilead Sciences                                                III-29
         Hemispherx Biopharma                                           III-29
         MedImmune Inc.                                                 III-30
         Merck & Co.                                                    III-30
         Novartis Pharmaceuticals                                       III-30
         Novelos Therapeutics                                           III-31
         Panacos Pharmaceuticals                                        III-31
         Pfizer Inc.                                                    III-31
         Pharmasset                                                     III-31
         Schering-Plough Corporation                                    III-32
      B.Market Analytics                                                III-32
        Table 56: US Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis  for
        Antivirals Market Independently Analyzed by Annual Sales for
        the Years 2000 through 2010 in US$ Million (includes
        corresponding Graph/Chart)                                      III-32

        Table 57: US Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for HIV
        Antivirals by Product Segment - RTIs (NRTIs and NNTRIs), PIs
        and Other HIV Antivirals Independently Analyzed by Annual
        Sales for the Years 2000 through 2010 in US$ Million
        (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)                            III-33

        Table 58: US 10-Year Perspective for HIV Antivirals  by
        Product Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Value  Sales for
        RTIs (NRTIs and NNTRIs), PIs and Other HIV Antivirals for
        the Years 2000, 2006 & 2010  (includes corresponding
        Graph/Chart)                                                    III-33

        Table 59: US Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
        Hepatitis B & C Antivirals by Product Segment - Hepatitis C
        Antivirals and Hepatitis B Antivirals Independently Analyzed
        by Annual Sales for the Years 2000 through 2010 in US$
        Million (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)                    III-34

        Table 60: US 10-Year Perspective for Hepatitis B & C
        Antivirals by Product Segment - Percentage Breakdown  of
        Value Sales for Hepatitis C Antivirals and Hepatitis
        BAntivirals for the Years 2000, 2006 & 2010                     III-34

  2. Japan                                                              III-35
      A.Market Analysis                                                 III-35
        Japanese Antivirals Market Perspective                          III-35
        HIV Infection Prevalence in Japan                               III-35
        Hepatitis B & C Antivirals Dominate the  Japanese Antivirals
         Market                                                         III-35
         Japan, the Second Largest Market for Hepatitis C  Infection
          in the World                                                  III-35
         Table 61: Leading Drug Brands for Hepatitis C Antivirals in
         Japan: 2005, 2006 and 2008E  Percentage Share Breakdown for
         PEG-Intron,  Pegasys, Intron A, Advaferon, Sumiferon,
         Feron and Others (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)          III-36
        Product Launch                                                  III-36
        Strategic Corporate Developments                                III-36
        Focus on Key Players                                            III-37
         Daiichi Pharmaceutical Co.                                     III-37
         Japan Tobacco                                                  III-38
      B.Market Analytics                                                III-38
        Table 62: Japanese Recent Past, Current & Future  Analysis
        for Antivirals Market Independently Analyzed  by Annual
        Sales for the Years 2000 through 2010 in  US$ Million
        (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)                            III-38

        Table 63: Japanese Recent Past, Current & Future  Analysis
        for HIV Antivirals Market Independently  Analyzed by Annual
        Sales for the Years 2000  through 2010 in US$ Million
        (includes  corresponding Graph/Chart)                           III-39

        Table 64: Japanese Recent Past, Current & Future  Analysis
        for Hepatitis B & C Antivirals by Product  Segment -
        Hepatitis C Antivirals and Hepatitis B  Antivirals
        Independently Analyzed by Annual Sales  for the Years 2000
        through 2010 in US$ Million  (includes corresponding
        Graph/Chart)                                                    III-39

        Table 65: Japanese 10-Year Perspective for  Hepatitis B & C
        Antivirals by Product Segment - Percentage Breakdown of
        Value Sales for Hepatitis C Antivirals and Hepatitis B
        Antivirals for the  Years 2000, 2006 & 2010                     III-39

  3.  Europe                                                            III-40
      A.Market Analysis                                                 III-40
        France - The Largest and the Fastest Growing Market  for
         Antivirals                                                     III-40
        HIV Therapy Dominates the Antivirals Market                     III-40
         Table 66: Antivirals Market by Type in Europe: 2006
         Percentage Share Breakdown for HIV Antivirals, Hepatitis B
         & C Antivirals, and Other Antivirals  (includes
         corresponding Graph/Chart)                                     III-40
        HIV/AIDS Prevalence in Europe                                   III-41
         HIV/AIDS Statistics in Western Europe                          III-41
         UK Dominates the Market for Western Europe  for HIV Infection  III-41
         Table 67: Diagnosis of HIV Infection among Adults  in
         Western Europe: 2005 Percentage Share  Breakdown by Region
         for UK, Portugal, **France, Germany, The Netherlands,
         *Italy, Belgium, Switzerland and Others (includes
         corresponding Graph/Chart)                                     III-41
        HIV/AIDS Statistics in Central Europe                           III-42
        Poland Dominates the Market for Central Europe  for HIV
         Infection                                                      III-42
         Table 68: Diagnosis of HIV Infection among  Adults in
         Central Europe: 2005 Percentage  Share Breakdown by Region
         for Poland, Romania, Turkey, Serbia & Montenegro, Czech
         Republic,  Hungary, Bulgaria and Others (includes
         corresponding Graph/Chart)                                     III-42
        HIV/AIDS Statistics in Eastern Europe                           III-42
         Russia Dominates the Market for Eastern Europe  for HIV
          Infection                                                     III-42
         Table 69: Diagnosis of HIV Infection among Adults  in
         Eastern Europe: 2005 Percentage Share Breakdown  by Region
         for Russia, *Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Belarus, Estonia,
         Kazakhstan, Republic of  Moldova, Latvia  and Others
         (includes corresponding  Graph/Chart)                          III-43
        Herpes Antivirals                                               III-43
        Strategic Corporate Developments                                III-43
      B.Market Analytics                                                III-46
        Table 70: European Recent Past, Current & Future  Analysis
        for Antivirals by Geographic Region - France, Germany,
        Italy, UK, Spain and Rest of Europe Markets Independently
        Analyzed by Annual Sales for the Years  2000 through 2010 in
        US$ Million (includes  corresponding Graph/Chart)               III-46

        Table 71: European 10-Year Perspective for Antivirals  by
        Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of  Value Sales for
        France, Germany, Italy, UK, Spain  and Rest of Europe for
        Years 2000, 2006 & 2010  (includes corresponding
        Graph/Chart)                                                    III-46

        Table 72: European Recent Past, Current & Future  Analysis
        for HIV Antivirals by Product Segment - RTIs (NRTIs and
        NNTRIs), PIs and Other HIV Antivirals Independently Analyzed
        by Annual Sales for the Years  2000 through 2010 in US$
        Million (includes  corresponding Graph/Chart)                   III-47

        Table 73: European 10-Year Perspective for HIV  Antivirals
        by Product Segment -Percentage Breakdown  of Value Sales for
        RTIs (NRTIs and NNTRIs), PIs and  Other HIV Antivirals for
        Years 2000, 2006 & 2010  (includes corresponding
        Graph/Chart)                                                    III-47

        Table 74: European Recent Past, Current & Future  Analysis
        for Hepatitis B & C Antivirals by Product  Segment -
        Hepatitis C Antivirals and Hepatitis B  Antivirals
        Independently Analyzed by Annual Sales  for the Years 2000
        through 2010 in US$ Million  (includes corresponding
        Graph/Chart)                                                    III-48

        Table 75: European 10-Year Perspective for  Hepatitis B & C
        Antivirals by Product Segment-  Percentage Breakdown of
        Value Sales for  Hepatitic C Antivirals and Hepatitis B
        Antivirals  for Years 2000, 2006 & 2010                         III-48

  3a. France                                                            III-49
      A.Market Analysis                                                 III-49
        France the Largest and Fastest Growing Antivirals  Market in
         Europe                                                         III-49
        Strategic Corporate Developments                                III-49
      B.Market Analytics                                                III-49
        Table 76: French Recent Past, Current & Future  Analysis for
        Antivirals Independently Analyzed by  Annual Sales for the
        Years 2000 through 2010 in  US$ Million (includes
        corresponding Graph/Chart)                                      III-49

  3b. Germany                                                           III-50
      A.Market Analysis                                                 III-50
        Germany the Second Largest and Fastest Growing  Antivirals
         Market in Europe                                               III-50
        Strategic Corporate Developments                                III-50
        Focus on Key Player                                             III-51
         Boehringer Ingelheim                                           III-51
      B.Market Analytics                                                III-51
        Table 77: German Recent Past, Current & Future  Analysis for
        Antivirals Independently Analyzed by  Annual Sales for the
        Years 2000 through 2010 in  US$ Million (includes
        corresponding Graph/Chart)                                      III-51

  3c. Italy                                                             III-52
      A.Market Analysis                                                 III-52
        Strategic Corporate Developments                                III-52
      B.Market Analytics                                                III-52
        Table 78: Italian Recent Past, Current & Future  Analysis
        for Antivirals Independently Analyzed by  Annual Sales for
        the Years 2000 through 2010 in  US$ Million (includes
        corresponding Graph/Chart)                                      III-52

  3d. The United Kingdom                                                III-53
       Market Analysis                                                  III-53
        UK the Third Largest Market for Antivirals  in Europe           III-53
        HIV/AIDS Prevalence in the UK                                   III-53
         Table 79: Diagnosis of HIV Infection among Individuals  in
         the UK: 2005 Percentage Share Breakdown by Ethnic Community
         for Whites, Black- Africans, Black-Caribbeans and Others
         (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)                           III-53

         Table 80: Diagnosis of AIDS among Adult Males in  the UK:
         2005 Percentage Share Breakdown by Transmission Category
         for Homosexual Contact, Heterosexual Contact, Injecting
         Drug Use (IDU), Blood/Tissue Transfer or Blood Factor and
         Others (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)                    III-54

         Table 81: Diagnosis of AIDS among Adult Females in  the UK:
         2005 Percentage Share Breakdown by Transmission Category
         for Heterosexual Contact, Injecting Drug Use (IDU),
         Mother-to-Child Transfer, Blood/Tissue Transfer or Blood
         Factor and Others (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)         III-54

         Table 82: Diagnosis of HIV Infection in People in the  UK:
         2005 Percentage Share Breakdown by Region  for England,
         Scotland, Wales and North Ireland  (includes corresponding
         Graph/Chart)                                                   III-54
        Drug Resistant HIV Strains Rising in the UK                     III-54
        Rise in Sexually Transmitted Diseases Pose  Health Risks        III-54
        Strategic Corporate Developments                                III-55
        Focus on Key Player                                             III-55
         GlaxoSmithKline PLC                                            III-55
      B.Market Analytics                                                III-56
        Table 83: UK Recent Past, Current & Future  Analysis for
        Antivirals Independently Analyzed  by Annual Sales for the
        Years 2000 through  2010 in US$ Million (includes
        corresponding  Graph/Chart)                                     III-56

  3e. Spain                                                             III-57
      A.Market Analysis                                                 III-57
      B.Market Analytics                                                III-57
        Table 84: Spanish Recent Past, Current & Future  Analysis
        for Antivirals Independently Analyzed by  Annual Sales for
        the Years 2000 through 2010  in US$ Million (includes
        corresponding  Graph/Chart)                                     III-57

  3f. Rest of Europe                                                    III-58
      A.Market Analysis                                                 III-58
        Russia                                                          III-58
         Acute Supply Shortage of AIDS drugs Risks  the Life of Many
          People in Russia                                              III-58
        Strategic Corporate Developments                                III-58
        Focus on Key Players                                            III-60
         Hoffmann-La Roche (Switzerland)                                III-60
         Novartis AG (Switzerland)                                      III-61
      B.Market Analytics                                                III-61
        Table 85: Rest of Europe Recent Past, Current &  Future
        Analysis for Antivirals Independently  Analyzed by Annual
        Sales for the Years 2000  through 2010 in US$ Million
        (includes  corresponding Graph/Chart)                           III-61

  4. Rest of World                                                      III-62
      A.Market Analysis                                                 III-62
        Canada                                                          III-62
         HIV/AIDS Prevalence in Canada                                  III-62
         Table 86: Diagnosis of HIV Infection among Adult Males in
         Canada: 2005 Percentage Share Breakdown by Transmission
         Category for Homosexual Contact, Heterosexual Contact,
         Injecting Drug Use (IDU), Homosexual Contact & IDU,
         Infection through Blood/Blood Products and Others (includes
         corresponding Graph/Chart)                                     III-62

         Table 87: Diagnosis of HIV Infection among Adult Females in
         Canada: 2005 Percentage Share  Breakdown by Transmission
         Category for  Heterosexual Contact, Injecting Drug Use
         (IDU), Infection through Blood/Blood Products  and Others
         (includes corresponding  Graph/Chart)                          III-63

         Table 88: Diagnosis of AIDS among Adult Males in Canada:
         2005 Percentage Share Breakdown by Transmission Category
         for Homosexual Contact, Heterosexual Contact, Injecting
         Drug Use (IDU), Homosexual Contact & IDU and Others
         (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)                           III-63

         Table 89: Diagnosis of AIDS among Adult Females in Canada:
         2005 Percentage Share Breakdown by Transmission Category
         for Heterosexual Contact, Injecting Drug Use (IDU) and
         Others (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)                    III-63

         Table 90: Individuals Living with AIDS in Canada: 2005
         Percentage Share Breakdown by Ethnic Community for Whites,
         Aboriginals, Blacks, South Asian/West Asian/Arab, Asians
         and Others  (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)               III-64
         Hepatitis C Infection Prevalence in Canada                     III-64
        Asia-Pacific                                                    III-64
         HIV/AIDS Prevalence in Asia                                    III-64
         HIV Infection Among Males Rising                               III-64
         Australia                                                      III-65
          HIV/AIDS Prevalence in Australia                              III-65
         Table 91: Diagnosis of HIV Infections in Australia: 2005
         Percentage Share Breakdown by Region for New South Wales,
         Victoria, Queensland, Western Australia, South Australia,
         Australian Capital Territory and Others (includes
         corresponding Graph/Chart)                                     III-65
          Hepatitis C Infection Prevalence in Australia                 III-65
         Table 92: Sources of Hepatitis C Infection Transmission in
         Australia: 2005 Percentage  Share Breakdown by Transmission
         Category  for Injecting Drug Use (IDU), Blood
         Transfusion/Medical, Tattoos/Piercing,  Sexual Contact and
         Others (includes  corresponding Graph/Chart)                   III-66
         Bangladesh                                                     III-66
          HIV/AIDS Prevalence in Bangladesh                             III-66
         Cambodia                                                       III-66
          HIV/AIDS Prevalence in Cambodia                               III-66
         China                                                          III-66
          Antivirals Market in China                                    III-66
          China Presents a Major Market for Hepatitis B  Therapies      III-67
          HIV/AIDS Prevalence in China                                  III-67
         Hong Kong                                                      III-67
          HIV/AIDS Prevalence in Hong Kong                              III-67
         India                                                          III-68
          Hepatitis B Vaccines Market in India                          III-68
         Table 93: Hepatitis B Vaccine Market in India:  2005
         Percentage Share Breakdown by Player for Shantha Biotech,
         Glaxo SmithKline and Others (includes corresponding
         Graph/Chart)                                                   III-68
          HIV/AIDS Prevalence in India                                  III-68
         Table 94: AIDS Cases Diagnosed in India:  2005 Percentage
         Share Breakdown by  Gender for Males and Females               III-69

         Table 95: Diagnosis of HIV/AIDS Cases in India: 2005
         Percentage Share Breakdown by Transmission Category for
         Sexual Contact, Mother-to-Child Transfer, Injecting Drug
         Use (IDU), Blood and  Blood Products, and Others (includes
         corresponding Graph/Chart)                                     III-69

         Table 96: Diagnosis of AIDS Cases in India:  2005
         Percentage Share Breakdown by Geographic Region for Tamil
         Nadu, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Manipur, West
         Bengal,  Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh,  Rajasthan
         and Others (includes  corresponding Graph/Chart)               III-69
          India Emerging as a Major Market for  HIV-Infected People
           in the World                                                 III-70
         Table 97: Diagnosis of HIV Infection in India:  2005
         Percentage Share Breakdown by Sub-Population for General
         Population, STD Patients, Injecting Drug Users (IDUs),
         Children and  Female Sex Workers (FSWs) (includes
         corresponding Graph/Chart)                                     III-70
          Organizations Active in Executing HIV/AIDS  Control and
           Prevention Programs                                          III-70
         Table 98: Institutional Funding for HIV/AIDS Control
         Programs in India: 2005 Percentage  Share Breakdown by
         Funding Organization  for Public Bodies, Bilateral
         Organizations,  World Bank, Multilateral Organizations  and
         Global Funds (includes  corresponding Graph/Chart)             III-71
          India Steps Up Infrastructure Development to Control  and
           Prevent the Spread of Viral Infections                       III-71
          New Treatment Options to Fight Against HIV  Infection         III-71
          AIDS Control Programs for Rural Youths  in India              III-72
         Indonesia                                                      III-72
          HIV/AIDS Prevalence in Indonesia                              III-72
         Myanmar (Burma)                                                III-72
          HIV/AIDS Prevalence in Myanmar                                III-72
         Nepal                                                          III-72
          HIV/AIDS Prevalence in Nepal                                  III-72
         New Zealand                                                    III-73
          HIV/AIDS Prevalence in New Zealand                            III-73
         Pakistan                                                       III-73
          HIV/AIDS Prevalence in Pakistan                               III-73
         Singapore                                                      III-73
          HIV/AIDS Prevalence in Singapore                              III-73
         South Korea                                                    III-73
          HIV/AIDS Prevalence in South Korea                            III-73
         Thailand                                                       III-73
          HIV/AIDS Prevalence in Thailand                               III-73
         Viet Nam                                                       III-74
          HIV/AIDS Prevalence in Viet Nam                               III-74
          Hepatitis B Infection Prevalence in Viet Nam                  III-74
        Latin America                                                   III-74
         HIV/AIDS Prevalence in Latin America                           III-74
         Table 99: Diagnosis of People Living with HIV/AIDS  in
         Latin America: 2005 Percentage Share Breakdown by
         Geographic Region for Brazil, Mexico, Colombia, Argentina,
         Venezuela, Peru, Honduras, Guatemala,  El Salvador,
         Ecuador, Panama, Paraguay and Others (includes
         corresponding Graph/Chart)                                     III-75

         Table 100: Diagnosis of AIDS Related Deaths in Latin
         America: 2005 Percentage Share Breakdown by Geographic
         Region for Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, Venezuela, Peru,
         Argentina, Honduras, Guatemala,  El Salvador, Ecuador,
         Panama and Others  (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)        III-75
         HIV/AIDS Prevalence in the Caribbean Region                    III-76
         Table 101: Diagnosis of People Living with HIV/AIDS in
         Caribbean: 2005 Percentage Share Breakdown by Geographic
         Region for Haiti, Dominican Republic, Trinidad and Tobago,
         Jamaica, Bahamas, Cuba and Barbados (includes corresponding
         Graph/Chart)                                                   III-76

         Table 102: Diagnosis of AIDS Related Deaths in Caribbean:
         2005 Percentage Share Breakdown by Geographic Region for
         Haiti, Dominican Republic, Trinidad and Tobago, Jamaica and
         Others (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)                    III-77
        Africa                                                          III-77
         HIV/AIDS Prevalence in Sub-Saharan Africa                      III-77
         Table 103: Diagnosis of People Living with HIV/AIDS in
         Sub-Saharan Africa: 2005 Percentage Share Breakdown by
         Geographic Region for South Africa, Nigeria, Mozambique,
         Zimbabwe, United Republic of Tanzania, Kenya, Ethiopia,
         Zambia, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda and Others
         (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)                           III-77

         Table 104: Diagnosis of AIDS Related Deaths in  Sub-Saharan
         Africa: 2005 Percentage Share Breakdown by Geographic
         Region for South Africa, Nigeria, Zimbabwe, Mozambique,
         United Republic Of Tanzania, Kenya, Ethiopia, Zambia,
         Uganda, Malawi and  Others (includes corresponding
         Graph/Chart)                                                   III-78

         Table 105: Diagnosis of AIDS Related Orphans in
         Sub-Saharan Africa: 2005 Percentage Share Breakdown by
         Geographic Region for South Africa, Kenya, United Republic
         Of Tanzania, Zimbabwe, Uganda, Nigeria, Ethiopia, Zambia,
         Democratic Republic of Congo, Malawi and Others  (includes
         corresponding Graph/Chart)                                     III-78
         South Africa                                                   III-79
          Television Exposures Induces Healthy  Lifestyle Changes
           Among People to  Combat HIV/AIDS Epidemic                    III-79
          HIV/AIDS Prevalence in South Africa                           III-79
        Middle East                                                     III-79
         HIV/AIDS Prevalence in Middle East                             III-79
        Product Launches                                                III-80
        Strategic Corporate Developments                                III-81
        Focus on Select Players                                         III-85
         Bukwang Pharm (South Korea)                                    III-85
         Benitec Limited (Australia)                                    III-85
      B.Market Analytics                                                III-85
        Table 106: Rest of World Recent Past, Current &  Future
        Analysis for Antivirals Market Independently Analyzed by
        Annual Sales for the Years 2000  through 2010 in US$ Million
        (includes  corresponding Graph/Chart)                           III-85

        Table 107: Rest of World Recent Past, Current &  Future
        Analysis for Hepatitis B & C Antivirals by  Product Segment -
        Hepatitis C Antivirals and  Hepatitis B Antivirals
        Independently Analyzed by  Annual Sales for the Years 2000
        through 2010 in  US$ Million (includes corresponding
        Graph/Chart)                                                    III-86

        Table 108: Rest of World 10-Year Perspective for  Hepatitis
        B & C Antivirals by Product Segment - Percentage Breakdown
        of Value Sales for Hepatitis C Antivirals and
        Hepatitis B Antivirals for the  Years 2000, 2006 & 2010
        (includes  corresponding Graph/Chart)                           III-86

        Table 109: Rest of World 10-Year Perspective for  Hepatitis
        B & C Antivirals by Product Segment - Percentage Breakdown
        of Value Sales for Hepatitis C Antivirals and Hepatitis B
        Antivirals for the Years  2000, 2006 & 2010                     III-86


 IV. COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

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